| 2007-8 UPDATE on Career Firefighter Training Needs | |||||
| ADDRESSING CRITICAL NEEDS for Volunteer Firefighters | |||||
| Expanding COFT's work to encompass identifying career firefighter training needs, COFT joined together with the Oklahoma Fire Chiefs Association and other stakeholders. In typical fashion, COFT brought together individuals experienced with career firefighters including representatives from fire chiefs and training chiefs, Rural Fire Coordinators (as some career firefighters are in rural areas), Oklahoma Office of Homeland Security, state EMS specialists, and the various training providers in the state. | |||||
| GOALS for Career Firefighter Training: | |||||
| to establish legislation for ensuring consistent delivery of standardized curriculum and training to achieve standardized state certification for career firefighters in Oklahoma. | |||||
| Many recommendations were identified, with those being of top priority as follows: | |||||
| 2007 TOP Training Task Force Recommendations on Career Firefighter Training: | |||||
| < | Due to extreme danger of wildfires and level of current training, state funding for at least 25% of career firefighters in each department to have Wildland Firefighting training, annually..... along with continuation of funding for no-cost basic training for volunteer firefighters | ||||
| < | Analyze methods to address costs of ALL-Hazards training for firefighters | ||||
| < | With funding addressed, make Fire Fighter I training a benchmark for career firefighters to complete by the end of their first year. Then, career firefighters should be encouraged to take Fire Fighter II. Because of the high level of EMS responses, career firefighters should train to the Emergency Medical First Responder level, right away. | ||||
| < | Consistent training is critical for INTERoperability in mutual aid responses. Methods to assure consistency must be explored. | ||||
| < | Having incentives and recognition for career firefighters would encourage them to take additional training and continuing education which their departments cannot afford to provide. | ||||
| Our recent Training Task Force also identified the following: | |||||
| OBJECTIVES / NEEDS / ISSUES on Career Firefighter Training: | |||||
| 1. | Adequate funding is required for departments to comply with any standards established and adequate funding would be needed by designated training centers described below. | ||||
| 2. | An adequate number of certified instructors is needed to provide sufficient firefighter training with clarification as to the meaning of certification as a trainer. | ||||
| 3. | Due to the need for INTERoperability between departments, regional training centers with qualified instructors would solve many challenges. Regional training centers might be Career Technology Centers, local educational institutions outfitted with needed props, or fire departments with approved facilities. An official list of approved training centers is needed. It will be necessary to accommodate those who cannot afford to travel. | ||||
| 4. | Tracking training which has occurred should be handled by means of a standardized format. There should be a seamless, user-friendly interface with easy access or authorized individuals which is consistent and compatible with National Credentialing. | ||||
| 5. | With funding address, there should be a study group to establish standards and reasonable phase-in periods. | ||||
| 6. | With the constantly changing environment, periodic re-certification with continuing requirements should be established when adequate funding secured. | ||||
| 7. | A single source for the state is needed which possesses the ultimate responsibility to perform the oversight (complete with appeal process) and full quality assurance on the various aspects of ALL-Hazards firefighter training. | ||||
| TOPICS FOR DISCUSSION related to Career Firefighter Training Needs |
| Our work sessions included discussions on this year's Mission Statement, Goals, and Objectives. To allow for increased individual participation, we divided into four teams and conducted brain-storming sessions, periodically coming together again. Along the way, some major training challenges were uncovered. |
| 1. | Public Safety and Firefighter Safety | ||||||||||||||
| First and foremost, everyone involved agreed that safety for the public and for the firefighters is our over-riding concern. | |||||||||||||||
| 2. | A. | Massive Number of Mutual Aid Incidents è Need for INTERoperability | |||||||||||||
| Throughout Oklahoma, there are many incidents in which multiple departments respond and must work together to address the situation at hand. This means that INTERoperability is essential. | |||||||||||||||
| B. | Need for INTERoperability è Need for Consistent Training | ||||||||||||||
| With this critical need for INTERoperability, emergency responders who have received consistent training can work together more effectively and safely. | |||||||||||||||
| C. | Need for Consistent Training è Need for Close Coordination | ||||||||||||||
| Since consistent training is needed and now that there are multiple training providers, increased coordination is required. There was discussion among the participants that in order to assure consistent training exists throughout the state, having an impartial entity which is not directly involved as a trainer to be responsible makes sense. | |||||||||||||||
| From the national level... | |||||||||||||||
| 3. | A. | Increased Number of Large Disasters è Need for INTERoperability | |||||||||||||
| With the increased number of large disasters, many departments and disciplines must come together quickly to respond. Everyone must work together smoothly under these very difficult situations. Many lives depend on split-second decisions which must be made without knowing all that is happening. Other critical details are know-able.. .with advanced planning and preparation. | |||||||||||||||
| B. | Need for INTERoperability è Need to know about Consistent Skills | ||||||||||||||
| It becomes necessary for those Incident Managers in the Unified Command to know immediately what abilities are possessed by those who report. | |||||||||||||||
| C. | Need to know about Consistent Skills è Need for Credentialing | ||||||||||||||
| National specialists are
working to establish a credentialing system which would clarify in which
skills each responder is proficient. This can be very important,
since responders rely so heavily on each other. Participants
discussed about the need for minimum standards. Everyone realized this is a major undertaking for the State of Oklahoma to be up and ready for the national program. Careful deliberation on establishing minimum standards for different levels of responders will be done. It is widely realized that there is a price tag attached to any such program. Participants plan a standing committee composed of fire chiefs and other stakeholders to determine these standards. Funding will also be addressed. |
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| 4. | Understanding of Existing Certifications and Requirements | ||||||||||||||
| An important part of
looking at firefighter training needs and goals is to uncover what
current requirements may already exist. |
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| National Fire Protection Association [NFPA] | |||||||||||||||
| Nationally speaking, one
of the foremost organizations involved in this aspect is the National
Fire Protection Association. [NFPA]. Actually. an international
organization these days, NFPA is a widely recognized authority on fire
safety, electrical safety, and building safety. They are
responsible for developing the codes and standards which the majority of
the governmental entities in the United States and many other countries
follow. Like our various COFT Training Task Forces for Oklahoma,
NFPA utilizes a consensus approach to develop these codes and standards,
which are also officially recognized by the American National Standards
Institute [ANSI]. (Their complete list of current standards appears in
Appendix A) Among their many standards, they address several relevant aspects of firefighter training, including: |
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| Each standard is continually
monitored by groups of active practitioners from across the country and
frequently updated. |
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| COFT 's 2007 Training Task Force
participants feel it is important to follow these well-thought-out
guidelines and to heed their collective wisdom for career
firefighters. |
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| International Fire Service Training Association [IFSTA] | |||||||||||||||
| By coincidence, the International Fire Service Training Association is headquartered in Oklahoma in Stillwater at Oklahoma State University. IFSTA's mission is: | |||||||||||||||
| - to identify areas of need for training materials internationally in addition to | |||||||||||||||
| - to foster the development of
firefighters/responder training materials through Fire Protection Publications (a department of OSU) along with |
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| - validation of these materials by means of
international review committees of practitioners |
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| It is an association of fire service personnel
who are dedicated to upgrading firefighting techniques and safety
through training. |
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| IFSTA has been heavily involved in both COFT's
2006 Training Task Force dedicated to volunteer firefighters and COFT's
2007 Training Task Force focused on career firefighters in Oklahoma. |
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| International Fire Service Accreditation Congress [IFSAC] | |||||||||||||||
| Separately from National Fire Protection
Association [NFPA], this organization developed over the years to
provide continuity in the certification process by which firefighters
are tested on the training which they have received so that there can be
consistency. IFSAC is a peer-driven,
self-governing system that accredits both fire service certification
programs and higher education fire-related degree programs.
Through work done by IFSAC, usually a single entity is designed as the
official certification body. In the case of Oklahoma, OSU - Fire
Service Training has been both the primary provider of firefighter
training for Oklahoma historically and the official IFSAC certification
body to administer certification tests for Oklahoma. They were
re-accredited last year by IFSAC. As reflection of Oklahoma's rich
heritage in the fire service community, IFSAC is also headquartered in
Stillwater at Oklahoma State University. During COFT's 2007
Training Task Force workshops, there was a full presentation on IFSAC
and thorough discussion of recent changes in operation of OSU - FST's
procedures for testing. |
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| National Professional Qualification System [NFQS], aka ProBoard | |||||||||||||||
| Back in 1972, the Joint Council of National Fire Service Organizations founded the National Professional Qualifications System [NFQS] in an effort to guide the fire service towards increased professionalism. Concerned over possible uneven training between jurisdictions, ProBoard (as it is now known) was established to direct a new accreditation and registry system, separate from that of IFSAC. ProBoard also relies on NFPA standards and guidelines set forth by NFPA's technical committees. ProBoard also conducts its own examinations on various categories of firefighter training. Under the ProBoard process, multiple agencies/organizations with a state apply for accreditation and then act as certifying agents for ProBoard. They work from Quincy, Massachusetts, as does the National Fire Protection Association. | |||||||||||||||
| There are also several federal
government agencies that have jurisdiction over various aspects of
operations involved in emergency response. |
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| US Department of Homeland Security | |||||||||||||||
| This agency created after the 9-11-01
terrorist attack, brings together many previously existing agencies
(including the US Fire Administration and FEMA - Federal Emergency
Management Agency) into a single umbrella group for purposes of
coordination. In the intervening time since the Attack on America, they have worked to refine various operational guidelines. Working groups with individuals and organizations from many different federal, state and local entities, they have formulated:
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| to coordinate all the various disciplines and levels of federal / state/ local emergency responders. There are several short training sessions which are designed to acquaint different groups with the relevant aspects of coordination and rudimentary Incident Command System. It is a federal mandate to take classes before certain deadlines: | |||||||||||||||
| FEMA IS-700: NIMS, An Introduction also required for public officials | |||||||||||||||
| FEMA IS-800: National Response Plan, An Introduction, if involved in emergency planning | |||||||||||||||
| ICS-100: Introduction to Incident Command System or equivalent | |||||||||||||||
| ICS-200: Basic Incident Command System | |||||||||||||||
| ICS-300: Intermediate Incident Command System | |||||||||||||||
| ICS-400: Advanced Incident Command System | |||||||||||||||
| If a department or municipal does not comply with the relevant federal deadline to take this training, then they are no longer eligible for certain federal grants. New updated versions that must also be taken are being developed as refreshers. | |||||||||||||||
| 5. | Serious Need for Firefighter Training | ||||||||||||||
| Life-Threatening Work | |||||||||||||||
| During the series of meetings for COFT's 2007 Training Task Force, the seriousness of this need for firefighter training was discussed. Every year, some local firefighters make the supreme sacrifices and perish on duty or from job related causes. | |||||||||||||||
| Wildfire Firefighter Deaths & Injuries | |||||||||||||||
| It was just last year, that the
high-profile death of Destry Horton who accidentally died during a
wildfire response occurred. In fact, wildfires are frequently one
of the highest categories of firefighters deaths. They are
unpredictable and dangerous. For this reason, numerous training providers offer Wildland Firefighting (this year, funding makes it possible for some volunteers to take it at no cost) including a special statewide school know as Wildland Round-up which many organizations help put on. In addition for this exact reason, the COFT Council has added Wildland Firefighting to the Additional Optional Training list for its Training Tax Credit program for volunteer firefighters. Historically, many Oklahoma wildfires occurred in completely rural areas and volunteer fire departments primarily responded. In recent years, much blending of the urban-rural interface has occurred with more and more homes as well as businesses being built in heavily wooded areas. In addition, conditions have been such that very large wildfires have developed here in Oklahoma (and elsewhere). These necessitate many departments working together and many metropolitan fire departments are becoming more and more involved in fighting wildfires traditionally handled by others. Fighting wildland fires is not always the same as fighting structure fires, so specific training helps. Consequently, COFT's 2007 Training Task Force on career firefighter training realized the need for more Wildland Firefighting training for career firefighters. |
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| Firefighter Deaths & Injuries enroute to incidents | |||||||||||||||
| Another leading cause of firefighter
injuries and deaths is associated with vehicle accidents and other
accidents occurring enroute, particularly during the high-speed ride to
the incident. One of the best ways to minimize these injuries and deaths is through training, both classroom and actual driving classes. These special classes are offered through OSU - Fire Service Training and through many of the Career Technology Centers. This is another course which the COFT council added to the 2007 Additional Optional Training in the Training Tax Credit programs for volunteer firefighters. For 2008, OSU - Fire Service Training is also including a module on Emergency Vehicle Driving Training in the Fire Fighter I curriculum due to the importance of this topic. Consequently to reflect this, EVDT is elevated to the Top Equivalency Chart for the Tax Year 2008. Again, COFT's 2007 Training Task Force feels this is an important course for career firefighters. |
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